How AI got here,
in one library.
A free, organized reference of the developments that shaped AI: landmark papers, launches, regulations, benchmarks, and milestones. Search, filter, and follow the source.
18 entries
EU AI Act adopted
The first comprehensive horizontal AI law, introducing risk tiers and obligations with phased enforcement.
US Executive Order on AI
A wide-ranging executive order setting US federal direction on AI safety, security, and governance.
GPT-4
A large multimodal model with markedly stronger reasoning and exam performance than its predecessors.
LLaMA open weights
A family of capable language models with openly available weights, catalyzing the open-weights ecosystem.
ChatGPT launches
A conversational interface to a large language model that reached mass adoption and brought AI into mainstream use.
Whisper speech recognition
An open speech-recognition model trained on large-scale weak supervision, robust across many languages.
Stable Diffusion released
An openly released text-to-image diffusion model that brought image generation to a wide audience.
Chinchilla scaling laws
Showed that many large models were undertrained, reframing how compute should be split between model size and data.
AlphaFold 2 solves protein folding
Achieved a breakthrough in predicting protein 3D structure, a decades-old grand challenge in biology.
MMLU benchmark
A multitask knowledge benchmark across 57 subjects, widely used to compare language-model capabilities.
Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models
A key paper establishing diffusion models as a powerful approach to high-quality image generation.
GPT-3
Showed that scaling language models to 175B parameters produced strong few-shot abilities, popularizing large-scale LLMs.
BERT
A bidirectional Transformer pretraining method that set a new standard for many language-understanding tasks.
Attention Is All You Need
Introduced the Transformer architecture, which became the foundation of nearly all modern large language models.
AlphaGo defeats Lee Sedol
AlphaGo beat a top human Go player, a landmark for reinforcement learning and search in a game long thought hard for AI.
Deep Residual Learning (ResNet)
Introduced residual connections, enabling much deeper networks and influencing architectures across AI.
Generative Adversarial Networks
Introduced GANs, training two networks against each other to generate realistic data, a foundational idea for generative models.
AlexNet wins ImageNet
A deep convolutional neural network dramatically cut the ImageNet error rate, widely seen as the spark of the modern deep-learning era.
By type
Browse by type
Keep exploring
Related AI tools
Making sense of the pace?
History into strategy.
We help organizations cut through the noise of AI's history and hype to decide what actually matters for them, then build and run it.